Abstract
The cardioprotective effectiveness of low-dose pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ, 3 mg/kg) was compared with metoprolol, a beta(1)-selective adrenoceptor antagonist. Rats underwent 30 minutes of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and 2 hours of reperfusion. Metoprolol and/or PQQ were given at the onset of reperfusion to mimic clinical treatment. Metoprolol and/or PQQ reduced infarct size and protected against ischemia-induced left ventricular dysfunction after 2 hours of reperfusion. Combined therapy augmented left ventricular developed pressure at the end of reperfusion. Metoprolol or PQQ alone enhanced mitochondrial respiratory ratios in ischemic and nonischemic myocardium. Although the PQQ/metoprolol combination therapy increased respiratory ratio values, the effects were small when compared with PQQ alone. Only PQQ decreased lipid peroxidation. Metoprolol and/or PQQ given at the onset of reperfusion reduce infarct size and improve cardiac function. Combination therapy further reduces infarct size. PQQ is superior to metoprolol in protecting mitochondria from ischemia/reperfusion oxidative damage.
Publication types
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Comparative Study
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / administration & dosage
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use*
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Animals
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Antioxidants / pharmacology
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Body Weight / drug effects
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Cardiotonic Agents / administration & dosage
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Cardiotonic Agents / therapeutic use*
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Creatine Kinase / blood
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Drug Interactions
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Hemodynamics / drug effects
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Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects
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Male
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Malondialdehyde / metabolism
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Metoprolol / administration & dosage
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Metoprolol / therapeutic use*
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Mitochondria, Heart / drug effects
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Myocardial Infarction / mortality
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Myocardial Infarction / pathology*
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Myocardial Infarction / prevention & control*
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Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / mortality
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Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / pathology*
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Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / prevention & control*
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Myocardium / pathology*
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Oxidative Stress / drug effects
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Oxygen Consumption / drug effects
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PQQ Cofactor / administration & dosage
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PQQ Cofactor / therapeutic use*
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Ventricular Fibrillation / pathology
Substances
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
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Antioxidants
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Cardiotonic Agents
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Malondialdehyde
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PQQ Cofactor
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Creatine Kinase
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Metoprolol